托福的时态问题注意

时态问题要注意的有格式、含义、比较、一统、活用。在实际应用中，时态的基本规律并不复杂，只要多虑多用，很快就可以掌握的，至于更多的变动，也足以在之后的学习中逐步掌握的。而能用然后我们又会发现，实则每篇文章里时态的配搭都可以有多种方案，就像我们每私人的衣着可以有众多种配搭同样，我们时态的用处也可以有多种配搭方案，只要能合乎表现文章的正题的需要，就应当说是不错的。至于哪种是最佳的方案，则各人有私人的看法，所谓仁者见仁，智者见智了。

时态的含义：
1.普通如今时：表达真理性，常常性，习性性，普遍性。[在口语里常用，在叙事性文章和故事里很少用]
例句：1.The earth is smaller than the sun. [面貌][真理性]
2.Tom gets up early every morning. [动作][常常性和习性性]
3.Everybody knows him. [普遍性]
2.以往时：表达以往某一时间里发生的动作或面貌。 [叙事性的文章和故事里最常用的时态]。
例句：1.Yesterday we went to the park.[动作]
2.The book was there ten minutes ago. [面貌]
3.日后时：表达日后某一时间里发生的动作或面貌。
例句：1.Tom will help you tomorrow. [动作]
2.We shall be here in time next time. [面貌]
4.以往日后时：表达从以往某一时间看将在之后某一时间里发生的动作或面貌。[注意不要跟如今结合起来]
例句：1.Ten years ago, Mary said she would finish the work in a few days. [动作]
2. Yesterday he thought you would be a good player after five years. [面貌]
5.如今完成时：表达在如今之前就已经完成的动作或面貌[要加意不涵盖如今]。
例句：1.We have done our homework. [动作]
2.He has been a doctor now. .[面貌]
6.以往完成时: 表达在以往某时之前就已经完成的动作或面貌。
例句：1.Three days ago he had already finished his homework. [动作]
2.When he was a boy, he had already been a head of the boys. [面貌]
7.日后完成时：表达在日后某时之前将完成的动作或面貌。
例句：1.Tomorrow morning, I will have cleaned the windows. [动作]
2.Next Sunday, he will have been a new doctor. [面貌]
8.以往日后完成时:表达在以往某一时间之前本该完成的动作或面貌。[普通用于虚拟语态]
例句：1.If he had worked hard enough, he would have built a new house. [动作] [实况是因为他不够黾勉，所以爱巢子连身影都没有]
2.If he were alive, he would have been a doctor now. .[面貌][实况是他已经物故，所以永恒成不了医生]
9.如今施行时：在如今之前起始，之后还要传续时期的动作。[要注意只有传续性动词可以用施行时]。
例句：Tom is reading a book.
10.以往施行时：在以往某时之前起始，之后还要传续时期的动作。[要注意只有传续性动词可以用施行时]。
例句：The dog was eating a bone.
11.日后施行时：在日后某时之前起始，之后还要传续时期的动作。[要注意只有传续性动词可以用施行时]。
例句：At ten tomorrow morning, I will be writing the letter for you.
12.以往日后施行时：从以往某时来看将再之后某时之前起始，之后还要传续时期的动作。[要注意只有传续性动词可以用施行时]。
例句：Jack told me that he would be working hard the next year.
13.如今完成施行时：在如今之前就已经完成而且还要传续下去的动作。[较少用]
例句：Tom has been reading this book for over ten hours.
14.以往完成施行时：在以往某时之前就已经完成而且还要传续下去的动作。{很少用}
例句：The workers had been building the railway then.
15.日后完成施行时：在日后某时之前就已经完成而且还要传续下去的动作。{很少用}
例句：They will have been making their efforts after that time.
16.以往日后完成施行时：在以往某时之前看来日后某时应当已经完成而且还要传续下去的动作。{很少用}
例句：We thought they would have been doing physical training till then.